Ever since the classic film Night of the Living Dead (1968), popular culture has been obsessed with zombies as reanimated embodiments of past sins come to torment the living. Fast-forward to the present day, the undead regularly haunt college and high school campuses – sometimes for weeks at a time. It's up to you and your nerf blaster arsenal to quell the horde or else join their ranks forever!

What Is Humans versus Zombies?

Humans versus Zombies (often abbreviated as “HvZ”) is a moderated game of tag played in large open spaces, like college and university campuses. The game starts with a few players who volunteer as Starting or Original Zombies (OZs), and their goal is to tag the players designated as humans and turn them into zombies. Meanwhile, armed with foam blasters and throwables – like rolled-up socks or foam stress balls, the humans are tasked with completing various missions and challenges around the area, all while avoiding being tagged. As the game progresses, the horde of respawning zombies grows until few to no humans are left. 

What Makes HvZ Popular?

There’s nothing quite like running for your life! In those moments when you just barely survive an encounter with a wave of zombies, HvZ is adrenaline-pumping and, at times, absolutely terrifying. The moderators reward your efforts when you help complete a mission with your team. And when blasters and socks are your only defense, how long you remain human becomes a badge of honor you can share with your friends.

The gameplay isn’t over once you turn zombie! Unlike other foam-flinging games where you are out of play once you’re tagged, with HvZ, you merely join “the winning team.” Additionally, playing as a zombie can be tremendously satisfying when you run down a solo human player or catch a whole team off guard. Humans vs Zombies rewards teamwork, vigilance, and endurance, making it a blast for everyone who participates. 

General Rules

Similar to the card game Mao, the specifics of each HvZ can vary wildly by geographic region and game organizer. However, there is a loose consensus of rules you can still expect from most games:

Safety First!

Especially since the distance between humans and zombies can be close, blasters are usually limited in performance compared to other foam-flinging games. The “Standard” HvZ cap for normal ammo, like short darts, is 130 FPS, but this can depend on the organizer's and venue's requirements. However, despite the lower performance caps, eye damage is still a real threat, and eye protection is strongly encouraged when participating in HvZ games.

Clear Team Markings

Traditionally, each player is marked with a brightly colored bandana to spot what team they are on easily. Humans will wear the bandana on one of their arms until they turn into zombies. Meanwhile, zombies wear the bandana on their heads until they are stunned and need to respawn. At many large-scale HvZ invitationals, the organizers provide bandanas, illustrated with the event name and sponsors, for use in the game and as a keepsake for attendees.

Power-Ups

Upon completion of missions, the moderators usually award players with buffs and bonuses. Most commonly, zombies can become “super” zombies, which gives them protection from normal ammo (short darts, rival rounds, etc). For example, a zombie with a shield or hi-vis vest might only be able to be tagged out by larger ammo types or throwables. Other zombie bonuses include foam melee and throwables, extending the horde’s reach.

Cynically speaking, human missions only distract humans from the zombie horde as it grows in number. However, humans can also be rewarded! After completing their missions, humans can use blasters with higher capacity, get limited immunity from zombies, or sometimes earn in-game currency to trade for their choice of bonuses. 

Alternatively, just as post-apocalyptic worlds live with risk and scarcity, missions are sometimes required to be completed to continue. If you fail, you may lose power-ups or even members of your party. Often, other groups’ missions will rely on you to complete your own, and they may have to complete any failed missions for them to survive as well.

Theming

For added variety, many HvZ games are themed in some way. Depending on the organizers, this theming can be all-encompassing, with rich storylines that players can follow from mission to mission, or it can be merely a light dressing of themed NPCs and props. That being said, this is not a requirement of the game type. It’s just a way to play the game in a fictional universe other than “the aftermath of a zombie outbreak.”

Moderators

Last but not least, moderators (mods) are crucial in providing a safe and fun HvZ play experience. They often serve as non-player characters (NPCs) that move an overarching story along or as leaders of player groups to guide them to game objectives (often in the path of zombies). Ultimately, mods are there to keep everybody safe and resolve the rare player conflict. Remember: The difference between a good and bad game of HvZ often comes down to how you treat the volunteers who run the game!

History

Apart from being one of the blaster tag hobby's most popular events, Humans vs Zombies is also perhaps one of the oldest games still being organized and played today. HvZ was initially developed by Brad Sappington and Chris Weed, among a few other classmates at Goucher College in the Baltimore, Maryland, metro area. They hosted their first game in 2005 and included some unique rules, including a 3x5 card for player identification and a “48-hour starve-out” rule to encourage zombies to tag more players. 

This early version of the game quickly spread to nearby campuses, with varying adaptations of the rules to suit each location. Often, these games happened during a whole week of school, and you could be tagged as soon as you stepped out of a building after class or when you left your residence hall to get dinner. 

As early as 2008, some clubs would invite neighboring university clubs for combined HvZ events, with smaller, shorter missions than the usual week-long HvZ. These “Day Games” paved the way for HvZ's first availability to non-students. 

The first recorded HvZ Invitational game (or at least the first called an invitational) was held at Pennslyvania State University in 2010. With a Kurt Vonnegut theme, Senior and English major Jamie Mortara and the PSU Urban Gaming Club were tasked with planning and promotion. On Saturday, April 10th, as many as 240 people from both neighboring universities and the general public showed up to play. The overall reception of this kind of large-scale HvZ was fantastic, and Penn State continues to host Invitationals to this day.

Several other university clubs and community organizations also host annual weekend invitationals of varying sizes and scopes. At these games, the public can enjoy similar thrills to the HvZ events that were once more exclusive to college students, often with more flair and immersive theming than students can get during week-long games.

There are four major HvZ invitationals, some with a unique spin on the core game mechanics. Click through the gallery below to find a summary of each event and where to find more information:

Local HvZ Clubs + Invitationals

Though larger-scale events are tons of fun to travel to and participate in, plenty of other HvZ games are organized and played throughout the United States. Many universities have HvZ clubs, and sometimes even non-students can join the fun. UMBC is known for having two of their university evening HvZ games bookend Maryland Mayhem with an unofficial five-day stretch.

HvZ: SF is a local HvZ club that has hosted publicly available games since 2011 at San Francisco State University in California. Their monthly day games are usually held in the afternoons on the second Saturday of every month. Check out their website and Discord to find out more!

Mall Mutation Madness is an invitational with the unique venue of an after-hours mall in Missouri. Alliteration aside, it’s one of the more unique events on the calendar and among the few invitationals played primarily indoors.

Even local PvP clubs play HvZ! Our local club, PaNNC, occasionally hosts a small-scale game as a closing round to their once-monthly gamedays, lowering the FPS cap and designating a few OZs.

HvZ at Home

You do not have to have a college campus or invitational in your area! Humans vs Zombies is a game that can be as simple or complex as you want. Luke usually hosts a small HvZ at his family reunions. From loadout restrictions to a respawn timer, it’s very customizable. All you need are some blasters, bandanas, and, perhaps, a couple of rolled-up socks.

Special thanks to: 
David Gaiano, UMBC HvZ Club President 2022-24
Jamie Mortara, Penn State Urban Gaming Club 2006-10
Dave Stellar, HvZ: SF Organizer 2011-Present

Photography Credits: 
Nathan Mo
FlyingChicken
Fish
Janet Austin